ASTM A276 UNS S31400 Round Bar For furnace plant

What is ASTM A276 UNS S31400 Round Bar?

ASTM A276 UNS S31400 Round Bar is a heat-resistant austenitic stainless steel bar specifically designed for heat treatment furnaces, industrial heating furnaces, annealing furnaces, and other high-temperature furnace components. It is ideally suited for continuous service in elevated-temperature environments ranging from 800°C to 1150°C.

 

GNEE Stainless Steel maintains a ready stock of 314 stainless steel bars (hot-rolled and precision-ground) in diameters ranging from Φ6mm to 320mm, available in custom lengths of 1–12 meters and high-precision h9 tolerances. Each batch comes with third-party SGS reports covering PMI spectral analysis, mechanical tensile testing, and high-temperature oxidation resistance; the company holds ISO9001 and CE certifications.

We provide reliable solutions to common procurement challenges regarding high-temperature furnace components, specifically addressing issues such as long-term high-temperature corrosion, dimensional deformation, and short service life.All AISI 314 round bars supplied by us are delivered in the Solution Annealed condition and accompanied by complete heat treatment records to ensure a stable austenitic microstructure. This helps minimize sagging, distortion, and dimensional instability of furnace shafts, support frames, and rotating components operating at temperatures exceeding 1000°C.

 

For critical furnace applications, we can provide materials produced through the ESR (Electroslag Remelting) process to further enhance steel cleanliness and microstructural homogeneity. This significantly reduces the risk of Sigma (σ) phase embrittlement after prolonged exposure within the temperature range of 600°C to 900°C, thereby improving long-term service reliability in high-temperature environments.

 

AISI 314 Stainless Steel Bars Specification

Specifications	:	ASTM A 276 / SA 276
Dimensions	:	ASTM, ASME
Range	:	3.17 MM TO 350 MM DIA
Length	:	1 to 6 Meters, Custom Cut Lengths
Finish	:	Bright, Polish & Black
Condition	:	Cold Drawn & Polished Cold Drawn, Centreless Ground & Polished
Form	:	Round, Square, Hex (A/F), Rectangle, Wire (Coil Form), Wire-mesh, Billet, Ingot, Forging Etc.
Type	:	ASTM A 276 Stainless Steel 314 Bar

 

UNS S31400 Stainless Steel Round Bars Chemical Composition

Grade		C	Ni	Si	S	Mn	P	Cr	Mo
SS 314	min.	-	19.0	1.50	-	-	-	23.0	-
	max.	0.25	22.0	3.00	0.03	2.0	0.045	26.0

 

Stainless Steel WERKSTOFF NR. 1.4841 Bars Mechanical Properties

Grade	Tensile Strength (MPa) min	Elongation (% in 50mm) min	Yield Strength 0.2% Proof (MPa) min	Hardness
				Rockwell B (HR B) max	Brinell (HB) max
SS 314	689	40	345	85	433

 

314 Stainless Steel vs. 310S: Furnace Environments

Both 310S and 314 are high-alloy austenitic stainless steels designed for high-temperature service. Although both contain 25% chromium and 20% nickel, grade 314 stainless steel offers a maximum continuous service temperature of up to 2,200°F (1,200°C). In contrast, grade 310S has a slightly lower upper limit for continuous service approximately 2,000°F to 2,100°F (1,150°C) while its limit for intermittent cyclic service is around 1,900°F.

 

Can S31400 round steel be welded? What precautions should be taken when welding industrial furnace components?

Yes, it can be welded. However, due to its high silicon content, there is a certain tendency for hot cracking during welding.
Recommendations: Use matching ER310 or specialized ER314 welding consumables. Control the interpass temperature, employ low-current and high-speed welding techniques, and avoid rapid quenching after welding.

 

Why is ultrasonic testing (UT) mandatory when procuring S31400 round steel for furnace applications?

Industrial furnace components-such as main shafts-are subjected to alternating stresses caused by thermal expansion and contraction at high temperatures. If the round steel contains minute central shrinkage cavities or cracks, the high heat can cause these defects to propagate rapidly, leading to catastrophic fracture failures. Compliance with ASTM A276 standards, including UT inspection, is the baseline requirement for ensuring the safe operation of the furnace.

 

Steel-making Condition: EF, EF/EAF+LF+VD, EF/EAF+ESR
Delivery Condition:Annealed , Quenched + Tempered

Surface Condition: Black, Grinded, Peeled, Rough turned, Polished

Quality Control

100% spectroscopic testing is performed to ensure the Silicon (Si) content remains stable within the optimal carburization-resistance range of 2.0%–2.5%, with Nickel (Ni) ≥19% and Chromium (Cr) ≥23%. Internal defects are screened via ultrasonic testing (SEP 1921 Class C/c), and straightness is strictly controlled to ≤0.5 mm/m. Material certificates compliant with EN 10204 3.1 are provided.

Packaging:

Bundled using a symmetrical hexagonal steel strapping pattern, with an outer wrapping of 0.15 mm anti-scratch PE film and waterproof woven fabric. Heavy-duty plastic protective caps are fitted to the ends of the round bars to prevent impact damage and scratches. The entire shipment is packed in ISPM 15-compliant fumigated wooden crates, clearly marked with the Heat Number and specifications.