What is the difference between 1.4404 and 1.4571?
Oct 28, 2025
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What material is 1.4404 equivalent to?
The EN material designation 1.4404 is equivalent to the AISI 316L stainless steel grade. Both 1.4404 and 316L are low-carbon austenitic stainless steels with high corrosion resistance due to the addition of molybdenum. Other equivalent names include X2CrNiMo17-12-2 and UNS S31603.
What material is 1.4541 equivalent to?
The European standard material 1.4541 is equivalent to the American standard AISI 321 and is also known as X6CrNiTi18-10. It is an austenitic stainless steel stabilized with titanium, known for its good corrosion resistance, especially at high temperatures.
What is the difference between 1.4404 and 1.4571 material?
1.4571 has a heat resistance up to 400 degrees Celsius. With 1.4404, it lies between 300 and 350 degrees Celsius. With other mechanical properties, for example cold formability, cold compression and notch impact strength the enrichment with titanium brings a degradation, compared to 1.4404.
1.4541 vs. 1.4404 stainless steel: equivalent grades
| EN 10027-1 | EN 10027-2 | AISI / ASTM |
|---|---|---|
| X6CrNiMoTi17-12-2 | 1.4571 | 316Ti |
| X2CrNiMo17-12-2 | 1.4404 | 316L |
1.4541 vs. 1.4404 stainless steel: Chemical Composition:
| Element | 1.4404 (316L) | 1.4571 (316Ti) |
|---|---|---|
| Carbon (C) | ≤ 0.03% | ≤ 0.08% |
| Chromium (Cr) | 16.0-18.0% | 16.0-18.0% |
| Nickel (Ni) | 10.0-14.0% | 10.0-14.0% |
| Molybdenum (Mo) | 2.0-3.0% | 2.0-3.0% |
| Titanium (Ti) | - | 0.50-1.00% |
| Manganese (Mn) | ≤ 2.0% | ≤ 2.0% |
| Silicon (Si) | ≤ 1.0% | ≤ 1.0% |
| Phosphorus (P) | ≤ 0.045% | ≤ 0.045% |
| Sulfur (S) | ≤ 0.03% | ≤ 0.03% |
| Iron (Fe) | Balance | Balance |
1.4541 vs. 1.4404 stainless steel: Mechanical Properties:
| Property | 1.4404 (316L) | 1.4571 (316Ti) |
|---|---|---|
| Tensile Strength | 480-700 MPa | 500-700 MPa |
| Yield Strength | ≥ 170 MPa | ≥ 210 MPa |
| Elongation | ≥ 40% | ≥ 40% |
| Hardness | ≤ 200 HB | ≤ 200 HB |
| Impact Toughness | Good | Good |
| Thermal Conductivity | 16 W/(m·K) | 16 W/(m·K) |
| Specific Gravity | 7.99 g/cm³ | 7.99 g/cm³ |
Corrosion characteristics of 1.4571 and 1.4404 stainless steels.
1.4404 (316L) has better overall corrosion resistance, especially against pitting, crevice corrosion, and stress corrosion cracking, because it is a low-carbon grade. 1.4571 (316Ti) uses titanium to prevent intergranular corrosion and offers superior high-temperature strength, making it more suitable for applications involving high heat. Both grades have similar general corrosion resistance and weldability.
Machinability
Machinability: These two grades, 1.4404 and 1.4571, are not typical stainless steel grades suitable for processing. For 1.4571, an additional negative aspect must be mentioned. Titanium carbide is very hard, resulting in higher tool costs and slower processing speed.
Are 1.4404 and 1.4571 steels magnetic?
No, 1.4404 and 1.4571 steels are not magnetic under normal conditions because they are austenitic stainless steels, which have a non-magnetic crystal structure. However, they may become slightly magnetic after processes like cold working or welding, which can alter their microstructure.
What is the difference between 1.4401 and 1.4571 stainless steel?
EN 1.4571 stainless steel is made by adding titanium (Ti) to EN 1.4401 stainless steel to improve its resistance to intergranular corrosion. Titanium improves the corrosion resistance of stainless steel, especially intergranular corrosion, effectively prevents sensitization, and enhances the steel's stability under high temperatures and high pressures.
When the mass fraction of titanium is between 0.03% and 0.1%, the yield strength of the steel is increased. Therefore, EN 1.4571 has higher temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, and sensitization resistance than 1.4401.
However, as a global exporter, GNEE Stainless Steel offers both 1.4404/316L and 1.4571/316Ti seamless and welded tubes to meet customer needs. Many European customers from Germany, Spain, and other countries purchase our high-quality 1.4571/316Ti stainless steel welded and seamless tubes. Please contact us for more information. Email: sales@gneestainless.com
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