Grade 416 steel is a free-machining stainless steel

Key Properties

The following sections will discuss the properties of grade 416 steel bar products of ASTM A582. The specified properties may not be similar to other forms such as forgings and wires.

Composition

The chemical composition ranges of grade 416 stainless steels are given in the following table:

Table 1 - Composition ranges for grade 416 stainless steels

Grade		C	Mn	Si	P	S	Cr	Mo
416	min. max.	- 0.15	- 1.25	- 1	- 0.06	0.15 -	12 14	- 0.6

Mechanical Properties

The table below provides the mechanical properties of grade 416 stainless steels:

Table 2 - Mechanical properties of grade 416 stainless steels

Tempering Temperature (°C)	Tensile Strength (MPa)	Yield Strength 0.2% Proof (MPa)	Elongation (% in 50mm)	Hardness Brinell (HB)	Impact Charpy V (J)
Annealed *	517	275	30	262	-
Condition T **	758	586	18	248-302	-
204	1340	1050	11	388	20
316	1350	1060	12	388	22
427	1405	1110	11	401	#
538	1000	795	13	321	#
593	840	705	19	248	27
650	796	670	17.5	253	38

* Annealed properties are typical for Condition A of ASTM A582.
** Hardened and tempered Condition T of ASTM A582 - Brinell hardness is specified range, other properties are typical only.
^# Tempering of this steel at temperatures of 400 to 580°C should be avoided due to low impact resistance.

Physical Properties

The key physical properties of annealed grade 416 stainless steels are tabulated below:

Table 3 - Physical properties of annealed grade 416 stainless steel

Grade	Density (kg/m3)	Elastic Modulus (GPa)	Mean Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (μm/m/°C)			Thermal Conductivity (W/m.K)		Specific Heat 0-100°C (J/kg.K)	Electrical Resistivity (nΩ.m)
			0-100°C	0-315°C	0-538°C	at 100°C	at 500°C
416	7800	200	9.9	11	11.5	24.9	28.7	460	570