What Are the Properties of EN 1.4002 Stainless Steel?

Apr 02, 2026

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1.4002 stainless steel, commonly known as 405 or UNS S40500, is a low-carbon ferritic stainless steel designed specifically for applications requiring resistance to high-temperature oxidation and good corrosion resistance in mild environments, with improved weldability compared to higher-carbon ferritic grades. Its lower carbon content and aluminum addition help prevent hardening during welding and reduce susceptibility to intergranular corrosion, making it suitable for welded components in moderate temperature service.

Standard	Equivalent Grade
EN (Europe)	1.4002
ASTM/AISI (USA)	405, UNS S40500
JIS (Japan)	SUS405
Common Name	405

Element	C	Si	Mn	P	S	Cr	Al
Content (%)	≤ 0.08	≤ 1.0	≤ 1.0	≤ 0.04	≤ 0.03	11.5 - 14.5	0.10 - 0.30

Property	Yield Strength (Rp0.2)	Tensile Strength (Rm)	Elongation (A)	Hardness (HB)
Typical Value	≥ 205 MPa	380 - 550 MPa	≥ 20%	≤ 190

Improved Weldability: The combination of low carbon and aluminum addition significantly improves weldability compared to other ferritic grades, reducing the tendency for grain growth and hardening in the heat-affected zone.

Good High-Temperature Oxidation Resistance: Provides adequate resistance to scaling and oxidation at elevated temperatures up to about 650°C, suitable for moderate-temperature applications.

Low Work Hardening Rate: Exhibits lower work hardening than austenitic grades, which can be advantageous for certain forming operations.

Magnetic and Cost-Effective: Strongly magnetic and more economical than nickel-containing austenitic grades.

Heat Exchangers: Components in moderate-temperature heat exchange equipment.

Petrochemical Equipment: Trays, linings, and internals in columns and vessels.

Annealing Equipment: Furnace parts, baskets, and fixtures operating at moderate temperatures.

Steam Nozzles: Components in steam systems.

Automotive: Exhaust system components in lower-temperature sections.

Architectural: Decorative applications where weldability is required.

405 differs from 410 primarily in its lower carbon content and aluminum addition, which provide improved weldability and reduced hardening during welding. While 410 can harden significantly in the heat-affected zone during welding, 405 remains softer and more ductile, making it preferred for welded components. Compared to 304, 405 offers lower corrosion resistance, particularly in chloride environments, but is less expensive and more price-stable. It is magnetic, while 304 is non-magnetic. 405 is typically chosen for moderate-temperature applications where weldability is important and corrosion requirements are not severe.

405 has better weldability than many other ferritic grades due to its low carbon content and aluminum addition. Key considerations include:

Low heat input welding techniques are recommended to minimize grain growth

Preheating (150-200°C) may be beneficial for thicker sections

Matching filler metals (405 type) or austenitic fillers (309L) can be used

Post-weld heat treatment at 760-790°C followed by slow cooling may improve ductility

Welding can be performed without significant hardening in the heat-affected zone

Resistance welding is suitable for thin gauge applications

405 is suitable for service up to approximately 650°C (1200°F) for continuous operation. It maintains good oxidation resistance within this range, making it suitable for moderate-temperature applications such as heat exchanger components and furnace parts. For applications requiring higher temperature capability, grades with higher chromium content such as 446 (1.4762) or austenitic grades like 309/310 may be more suitable. At elevated temperatures, 405 retains good strength and resists scaling, but prolonged exposure above 650°C may accelerate oxidation.

GNEE Steel supplies cost-effective 405 (1.4002) stainless steel in plate, sheet, bar, and forging forms, ideal for moderate-temperature applications requiring good weldability. We provide full material certification (EN 10204 3.1) and processing support including cutting, bending, and welding services. If you have any requirements, please feel free to contact us.