1.4512 Stainless steel material properties
Dec 29, 2025
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what is 1.4512 Stainless steel material?
1.4512 stainless steel (also known as AISI 409, X2CrTi12) is a commonly used and cost-effective titanium-stabilized ferritic stainless steel with good weldability, formability, and excellent oxidation resistance and exhaust gas corrosion resistance. It is a preferred choice for automotive exhaust systems (muffler grade) and general corrosion-resistant applications in low-chloride environments. Compared to carbon steel, it offers better corrosion resistance, and due to the presence of titanium, it avoids intergranular corrosion, although pitting corrosion may occur in high-chloride solutions.
What material is 1.4512 equivalent to?
Material 1.4512 is a ferritic stainless steel, commonly known as AISI 409, X2CrTi12, or UNS S40900, used widely for automotive exhaust systems due to its good corrosion and heat resistance, and it's also designated as BS 409S19 or JIS SUH409.
What is the yield strength of SS 1.4512 ?
The yield strength for SS 1.4512 (Grade 409) stainless steel typically ranges from 210 MPa to 275 MPa (30-40 ksi) minimum, depending on the specific product form and supplier, with common values around 220 MPa or 240 MPa in the annealed condition, making it suitable for exhaust systems.
Mechanical properties (at room temperature in annealed condition)
| Product Form | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| C | H | |||
| Thickness (mm) Max | 8 | 13.5 | ||
| Yield Strength Rp0.2 N/mm2 | Longitudinal | 210 | ||
| Transverse | 220 | |||
| Tensile Strength | Rm N/mm2 | 380 - 560 | ||
| Elongation min. in % | A80mm1) <3mm (longitudunal + transverse) | 25 | ||
| A2) ≥3mm (longitudinal + transverse) | ||||
What is the chemical compositions of 1.4512 stainless steel?
1.4512 stainless steel (also AISI 409/X2CrTi12) is a stabilized ferritic steel, primarily iron, defined by its chromium (10.5-12.5%) for corrosion resistance and titanium for stabilization, with low carbon (max 0.03%), manganese (max 1.0%), silicon (max 1.0%), phosphorus (max 0.04%), and sulfur (max 0.03%).
| Element | % Present (in product form) |
|---|---|
| Carbon (C) | 0.030 |
| Silicon (Si) | 1.00 |
| Manganese (Mn) | 1.00 |
| Phosphorous (P) | 0.040 |
| Sulfur (S) | 0.015 |
| Chromium (Cr) | 10.50 - 12.50 |
| Molybdenum (Mo) | 6 x (C+N) to 0.65 |
| Iron (Fe) | Balance |
Coefficient of linear thermal expansion 10-6 K-1 between 20°C
| 100°C | 10.5 |
|---|---|
| 200°C | 11.0 |
| 300°C | 11.5 |
| 400°C | 12.0 |
| 500°C | 12.0 |
1.4512 (AISI 409) is readily weldable by TIG, MIG, and resistance methods; pre‑heating is generally unnecessary, but post‑weld annealing at 760–830 °C for 5–30 min is recommended to restore corrosion resistance in the heat‑affected zone, as welding can cause grain growth and slight chromium depletion.
Yes, 1.4512 (AISI 409) is magnetic in all conditions because it is a ferritic stainless steel with a body‑centered cubic (BCC) crystal structure and contains no austenite‑stabilising nickel.
Thanks to its low cost, Ti‑stabilised ferrite, and adequate high‑temperature oxidation resistance up to ~750 °C, 1.4512 is widely used for automotive exhaust systems (resonators, catalytic converter shells, mufflers), accounting for ~80 % of its market, as well as heat exchangers and industrial silencers where moderate corrosion resistance and thermal stability are required.
What is the difference between 409 and 409L?
The main difference is that 409L is the low-carbon version of 409 stainless steel, which improves its weldability and corrosion resistance, especially in welded areas. While both are titanium-stabilized ferritic stainless steels used in similar applications like automotive exhaust systems, 409L is better suited for projects requiring extensive welding because the lower carbon content minimizes the risk of sensitization and intergranular corrosion.
Gnee is a leading ISO certified 409 Stainless Steel supplier, manufacturer, exporter, manufacturer, wholesaler, distributor in China. We offer superior quality 409 Stainless Steel and manufactured as per the highest industry standards. With prompt delivery, professional technical support and competitive pricing, our Stainless Steel is available in a variety of grades and sizes and can be customized to your exact requirements. Gnee is your reliable partner to meet your steel stainless steel needs, welcome to contact us!
| Product Name | 409 Stainless Steel |
| Rich Forms | Plate, pipe, bar, coil, profiles, strip, fittings, flange |
| Standard | ASTM, ASME, DIN, EN, SUS, JIS, AISI, BS, GB |
| Certification | ASTM/ASME/EN/ISO/SGS |
| Surface Treatment | 2B, 2D, BA, No.1, No.3, No.4, No.6, No.7, No.8, HL (Hairline), SB (Scotch-Brite), 6k, 8k, 12k, LASER, EMBOSSED |
| Customized Services | Support customization |
| Processing Services | Cutting, bending/forming, welding, hole processing/grooving, surface treatment, custom processing, etc. |
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